The trend towards line compaction is driven by the need to reduce the visual and environmental footprint of power lines, especially in densely populated or sensitive areas. Two of the most innovative technologies in this field are:

• Composite Insulated Cross-Arms (CICAs): These replace traditional steel cross-arms and insulator strings. Made from composite materials, CICAs provide a high-strength, low-profile solution that allows for a significant reduction in the spacing between phases and from the support structure.

• Externally Gapped Line Arresters (EGLAs): When integrated with CICAs, EGLAs protect the line from lightning overvoltages. This combination allows for a reduction in the required insulation clearances, leading to an even more compact and reliable line design that is virtually lightning-proof.